What is the primary Federal Law that set the stage for our current Employment Law environment?

What is the primary Federal Law that set the stage for our current Employment Law environment? What is the impact of various employment laws on the workplace? How has affirmative action influenced hiring practices?

I am not in HR but I had to answer these questions for a training exercise at work. I was just wondering what the true responses are and if there are any websites that would help me read up on it?

Thank you

There are many at the federal level. Go to the US Department of Labor website. There are fair labor laws, civil rights laws (1964 and later). The laws are all posted in your workplace, as well!

Affirmative action was determined by the Supreme Court in Griggs v. Duke Power as a remedy for systemic discrimination outcomes. That is a good case to review. Many changes, and not used very much any more.

The ADA is of course the newest major law, and that is part of the civil rights agenda. Lots of stuff there on accommodations.

The UI process is a federal one that is run by states. Also, workers' compensation I believe is federally mandated but not federally driven.

ERISA is also a major piece, dealing with pensions but also other aspects of labor law.

Finally, industrial relations and unions have a whole section, see Naitonal Labor Relations Board.

Sorry, stream of consciousness here.

Great answer above - also try the FLSA (Fair Labor Standards Act) which puts into place a BUNCH of regulations.